Ad-Comm Group “Whitebook”: Cross-Marketing Platform for Luxury Brands in Japan Essay

1. What is a Whitebook? What role(s) does it play in the Marketing system of Ad-comm’s customer organizations? Answers 15 lines most extreme. Whitebook is a cross showcasing stage, a magazine that is distributed in Japan like clockwork and which shows nine extravagance marks in nine differing kinds of item. The magazine is modified for every extravagance supports. The Whitebook assumes a significant job regarding promoting technique as it is a brand minister and CRM apparatus. As the Whitebook is principally dispersed through patrons, the Whitebook focuses on a prequalified little gathering of costumers yet right ones, directly toward the start. Being shown in the magazine can be seen an acknowledgment of being a top extravagance mark and be hence an honor. The Magazine makes a solid connection between the brands and the costumers, as the costumers feel favored to get extraordinary consideration from the brand. Also the Whitebook sorts out occasion too, which assembles clients and one brand. Those occasions gives the open door for extravagance brands to make an individual relationship (â€Å"face-to-face† relationship) with its clients, by telling its legacy and responding to questions. 2. Take the point of view of the head supervisor of Porsche Japan. See progressively: Old Age Problem exposition How might you survey the cost viability or ROI of contributing 20 million Yen a year to support Whitbook? Okay be happy to be a support? Why or why not? Answer by utilizing an earn back the original investment investigation, and by computing the normal client lifetime esteem (I. e. today’s expected estimation of a customer’s buys through the span of his/her life as a Porsche client). 1 to 2 pages. a. You should know what an earn back the original investment examination is: this is the point at which your arrival/income covers your venture †at the end of the day: what number of vehicles to offer to compensate for the interest in Whitebook? b. Client Lifetime esteem: allude to the last class definition †anticipated estimation of a client through the span of his/her life as a client = selling cost of a Porsche x number of Porsches bought in a lifetime. Be imaginative by utilizing the information of the case and presence of mind. There is no enchantment equation. I will mull over your suspicions. c. At that point the cost adequacy can be evaluated by contrasting with serious contributions Porsche deals expanded by 4. 55 ( 3000/658= 4. 55 †p. 8) in 6 years. For an extravagance brand, democratization of the item additionally implies loss of renown and selectiveness. Whitebook is an approach to keep the extravagance picture of the brand by making an exceptional relationship with the best costumers. 20 million Yen speaks to 2. 4% of the all out promoting financial plan (p. 8). Expecting that a normal cost of Porsche is 75 000$ USD , in 6 years they have sold for 175 650 000$ (75 000 x 2320) . 20 million Yen is equivalent to 214 241. 04$ USD which relates to 1 285 446. 24$ USD in 6 years. Regarding make back the initial investment investigation and as yet expecting the normal cost of 75 000 $, they have to sell 3 vehicles (2. 86) (214 241. 04/75 000) every year to reimburse their interest in Whitebook. Notwithstanding, the case makes reference to that â€Å"10% of the VIP clients own 8-9 Porsches† (p. 8), subsequently we can accept that Porsche organization sells at any rate 3 vehicles for every year and in this manner supporting Whitebook is productive. Regarding Costumer Lifetime esteem, we will even now expect the normal cost of 75 000$ USD per vehicle and the quantity of Porsches bought in a lifetime of 8. 5 (â€Å"8-9 Porsches† own over lifetime †p. 8). The Costumer Lifetime Value is consequently equivalent to 637 500 (75 000 x 8.5). At long last, as far as cost adequacy, in the event that we take a gander at show 9, we see that the manufacturer’s recommended retail cost of Whitebook is best beneficial contrasted with other chose print media in Japan. The manufacturer’s recommended retail cost is generally low (5 000 Yen) contrasted with the quantity of pages and the area. Let’s take 25ans’. The MSRP is 4 200 000 Yen for 2 pages on the back spread; contrasted with 800 000Yen more for Whitebook (in this manner 1. 19 progressively costly (5 000/4 200 000 = 1. 19) ) for multiple times more pages inside the magazine for Whitebook. It is then certain that Whitebook is progressively productive contrasted with more affordable magazines as far as cost viability. Also 25ans’ targets women’s extravagance, anyway Porsche and quick vehicles are regularly known to be of for the most part incredible enthusiasm for men. Concerning Esquire, the MSRP is 3 200 000 Yen of 2 pages on the back spread, Whitebook is 1 800 000 more (in this way 1. 5626 progressively costly (5 000/32 000)) for multiple times more pages inside the magazine. Along these lines, Whitebook magazine is more productive than Esquire. In addition Esquire targets Men’s design/way of life just, anyway buying a Porsche can likewise include ladies (Porsche Cayenne for instance). Concerning Nikkei Business, the MSRP is 5 680 000 Yen of 2 pages on the back spread which target business clients. Contrast with Whitebook, Nikkei Business is 1. 136 more costly than Whitebook for less pages. In addition the Nikkei Business target just business Concerning Asahi Newspaper, the MSRP is 22 500 000 Yen for full page. Analyze toe Whitebook, Asahi Newspaper is 4. 5 progressively costly. In addition, Asahi Newspaper targets overall population, anyway Porsche needs to keep the extravagance renown and selective picture of the brand by putting resources into a magazine, the objective perusers doesn’t along these lines relate to the fundamental point of Porsche. All in all, Whitebook is the best interest as far as cost viability contrasted with serious contributions. 3. Put yourself in the shoes of Andreas Dannenberg. Whitebook abuses openings (and use quality, addresses shortcomings, and counter dangers) in the extravagance market and promoting industry, and it helps Ad-comm remain in front of potential capacity upgrades by Japanese and worldwide contenders. What is Whitebook to you? What role(s) does it play in the showcasing system of Ad-comm itself? Answer by utilizing a SWOT examination (for Ad-comm) to comprehend inner and outside key position. 1 to 2 pages. As far as Strengths: * Whitebook empowers to be autonomous from Japanese Players * Doesn’t must be subcontracted by Japanese organizations * Target the correct costumers. * Plays a job of CRM instrument * Create benefit connections between the brands and the costumers * Maintain the extravagance and restrictive picture of the supporters * Create occasions to assemble an up close and personal relationship and construct a trust relationship over the long haul with VIP costumers - > the brand recounts stories and legacy to the client and the Japanese utilization, clients are picking a brand essentially as a result of its legacy, suggestions of specialists and encounters of loved ones. * Plays a job of brand envoy * Enable extravagance organizations to show the corporate portfolio * Enable extravagance brands to make their incomes simpler. Regarding Weaknesses: * Limited to Japanese market * Limited to the Japanese market * Implementation on worldwide market requires worldwide corporate choice as far as Opportunities: * Cross-promoting stage * Select prequalified focused on and top-level client * Create a special virtual encounter for benefit visitors also trough its site and passage key * Track practices of target clients * The site tracks practices of target clients * Create occasions which can be a chance to dispatch another item to a correct objective costumer * Enable extravagance organizations to get new costumers. * Work as a CRM instrument as far as Threats: * No contenders right now on the grounds that is specific and the sustain the relationship with the brand. * However, contenders can come in the market, target likewise extravagance demographic with more extravagance brands or more subcategories * New contenders can come and make other sort of cross-promoting stage like a benefit club which empowers the brands to meet * New contenders can come a make a similar magazine appropriate for the worldwide market or USA showcase which number of clients are more noteworthy. 4. What might you do with the development openings depicted toward the finish of the case (pp. 10-13)? Okay seek after: (an) expanding the quantity of backers I the current Whitebook? (b) recreating the ebb and flow Whitebook in abroad market; or (c) building up an option Whitebook concentrated on the new â€Å"edgy† brand showcase? Why? Answer with Pros and Cons in 1 to 2 pages. (an) Increasing the quantity of supporters I the current Whitebook Pros: * Increase adaptability when arranging occasions * Increase amount of occasions (number of occasions) * Increase nature of occasions, as more VIP clients and support organizations are accessible * Increase the utilization of CRM apparatus * Make the connection among brand and buyer progressively obvious Cons: * Additional expense could counterbalance the fixed expenses of creation * Losing validity * Losing trust with the brands * Losing extravagance claim since extravagance depends on shortage and selectiveness (b) Replicating the flow Whitebook in abroad market (the best alternative since:) Pros: * Minimize extra exertion and consideration required to Whitebook * Provide learning open door for the record supervisors. * Can present new classes in the book * Multinational support effectively present in the Japanese rendition can be remembered for the abroad form * Already actualized in US, Singapore Cons: * There’s a little spending plan required by supports * The choices so charge are territorial and not on corporate level * Changing the showcasing procedure at a worldwide level will be wild for Whitebook except if they change the entire corporate structure, which conceivable (c) Developing an option Whitebook concentrated on the new â€Å"edgy† brand advertise Pros: * Maintain most steadfast costumers * Help to obtain creative clients. * Guarantee of 50 000 focused on clients * Involves high-edge brand sections * Developing new associations with ne

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Why Meth and Alcohol Is a Deadly Combo

Why Meth and Alcohol Is a Deadly Combo Addiction Drug Use Meth Print Risks of Mixing Meth With Alcohol By Naveed Saleh, MD, MS twitter linkedin Naveed Saleh, MD, MS, is a medical writer and editor covering new treatments and trending health news. Learn about our editorial policy Naveed Saleh, MD, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on January 10, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on July 07, 2019 Apolinar B. Fonseca/Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Meth Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery The prospect of mixing meth (methamphetamine) and alcohol probably seems foreign to most of us. However, certain similar combinations do pop up more frequently in daily life. For example, this combination is akinâ€"but more dangerousâ€"to smoking while drinking, or cutting hard liquor with Coca-Cola or Red Bull. In other words, in a legal and more restrained manner, mixing a stimulant (nicotine or caffeine) with alcohol (a depressant) is similar to mixing meth (a stimulant) with alcohol. (Technically, nicotine has both stimulant and depressant properties, but you get the picture.) The number of people who drink regularly and smoke crystal meth is concerning: one study estimated that daily drinkers were five times more likely to smoke meth. Why People Use Alcohol and Meth Together Polysubstance abuse is common. People use many types of drugs to adjust highs (think cocaine, ecstasy, and marijuana). Mixing meth and alcohol is no different. Researchers believe that people who mix alcohol and meth do so in order to counteract the depressant effects of alcohol and still maintain its euphoric effects. In 2008, 24% of methamphetamine-related emergency department visits involved alcohol intoxication. What Research Says About Using Alcohol and Meth in Combination In 2011, researchers from Columbia University and the New York Psychiatric Institute periodically administered solutions of alcohol mixed with methamphetamine to nine adult men.?? These men were housed in a residential laboratory at New York Psychiatric Institute for 20 days. In this study, adult participants were recruited who had reported past amphetamine use and recent alcohol use. Moreover, participants were screened and excluded for separate medical and psychiatric illness. Thus, all the participants in this study had long histories of polysubstance abuse and none of them were naive to the effect of meth mixed with alcohol. Participants were monitored and tested in a variety of ways including breath alcohol concentrations; cardiovascular, subjective, and cognitive/psychomotor performance; and objective sleep measures. Here are some findings from the study: Co-administration of alcohol and meth increased cardiovascular measures (increased heart rate and blood pressure) and feelings of euphoria.This drug combination made participants feel less drunk or sedated.Meth counteracted some of the cognitive and psychomotor impairment caused by alcohol.Taken together, these drugs produced fewer sleep disruptions than did meth alone.Participants developed tolerance to the drug combination as the study proceeded,  diminishing some of the adverse effects listed above.Except for increased heart rate and some upset stomach, participants experienced few residual effects. This study had definite limitations. First, the administration of the meth-alcohol combination in no way mimics real-world scenarios. Specifically, most people drink alcohol and either smoke or snort meth in an unregulated manner. Second, the study includes only nine participants. Third, people in the study were allowed to smoke cigarettes, introducing nicotine as a confounding variable. (Participants actually smoked more when taking the drug combo.) Results from this study suggest that when taken together, meth and alcohol act in a fashion different from taking either drug alone. Meth and alcohols contradictory effects are concerning for at least two reasons. First, people who use both drugs simultaneously may drink more alcohol in order to feel more inebriated or feel its accustomed effectsâ€"thus leading to alcohol toxicity. Second, people who end up drinking more while high on meth may underestimate cognitive impairment and get behind the wheel of a car  thus putting others at risk. Top 5 Things to Know About Crystal Meth The Bottom Line The distinct combined effects of meth and alcohol should serve as an ominous reminder to health-care professionals that various permutations of polysubstance misuse are distinct entities. With this knowledge in mind, physicians can better assess inebriated or impaired patients rushed to the ER. Mixing certain drugs (illicit, prescription, and non-prescription) can result in distinct adverse effects that may be dangerousâ€"especially if you have other psychiatric or medical conditions. If you or someone you love is abusing or misusing one or several drugs, please keep in mind that there is effective help available. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) is an agency within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services that offers information about treatment programs. The Physical Effects of Methamphetamine Abuse

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American Westward Movement Significance of the Contributing factors Free Essays

American Westward movement, advocated by many as the divine destiny of the United States, is the movement of the people from the settled regions of the United States to lands farther west between early 17th and late 19th century. The earliest and most significant of the factors which contributed to the westward spread of ‘American frontier’ was the economic motives of the colonists. Fur traders in New England, New York and Pennsylvania bartered with the Native Americans in the Ohio River Valley and the Great Lakes for beaver pelts. We will write a custom essay sample on American Westward Movement: Significance of the Contributing factors or any similar topic only for you Order Now Southerners reached to the Mississippi and beyond to trade with native Americans for deerskins. Later, the farmers who could not meet their mortgage payments on their lands as a result of the depression caused by the financial collapse in 1837 also moved westward for free land. Epidemics was another major contributing factor for the westward movement. In the East, more people died of such diseases as typhoid, dysentery, tuberculosis, scarlet fever and malaria than from any other cause. Yellow fever so decimated the population of New Orleans and settlements along the Mississippi River to the north that the regional death rate exceeded its birth rate for nearly a century and in the 1830s an epidemic of cholera, which had started in Asia, rampaged through Europe, and came across the Atlantic on passenger ships, struck the East Coast and spread inland. The third significant contributing factor was The American Civil War. The civil war caused so much misery that thousands of people looked upon west as a means of escape from their devastated homes. To these people the West was the means to achieve health, wealth and happiness. The significance of these factors lies in the fact that the western expansion they caused resulted in making United States one of the most powerful countries in the world. Further, the American expansion also meant that the west was dominated by Anglo-American ways of life and institutions rather than French or Spanish ones; because latter were also trying to expand in North America in 16th, 17th and 18th centuries. However, the American westward movement curbed their efforts in this regard. Nonetheless, though the American westward movement was very beneficial for the United States, it proved fatal to the Native Americans who were the indigenous people settled in these lands. Their culture and way of life suffered destruction as a result of the westward expansion. How to cite American Westward Movement: Significance of the Contributing factors, Papers

Patton Fuller Essay Example For Students

Patton Fuller Essay Patton-Fuller Community Hospital CMGT/554 IT Infrastructure July 12, 2010 Patton-Fuller Community hospital is a non-for-profit health care organization that provides specialized services such as emergency medical care, surgery, labor and delivery, physical therapy, and radiology for adults and children. As one of the first hospitals in Kelsey, they are also committed to providing a variety of programs that will support the health and welfare of their local community populations (Apollo Group, 2006). Patton-Fuller Community Hospital uses a variety of different network systems. However, there are several systems that are often missed within their current network architecture. Patton-Fuller also has wireless technology currently in use. Let us explore the current systems in use, what they may be missing from the current network architecture and how wireless technology enhances the hospital network. 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Each modality has its own viewing station: Apple Mac Pro, 2 -3 GHz quad processors, 16 GB RAM, 4-750 MB HD in RAID, Nvidia FX 4500 image card, FO Network card, 2 Apple 30 â€Å"Cinema† flat panel displays, OsiriX imaging SW, OS Virtualization with MAC OS X Leopard and Windows XP Pro, and APC 2 KVA UPS. DICOM uses a Digital to Film Printer, one per modality viewing station and one in the ER, which is a KODAK 6800 Dry Laser Printer. DICOM to Film. The Emergency Room per bay has one workstation for use with the portable X-Ray machine: MAC PRO with 2 Dual 3 GHz Processors, 8 GB RAM, 2 750 GB HD RAID, Fiber card, Super drive, OS Virtualization with MAC OS X, Leopard and Windows XP Pro, Osarix imaging SW, and 30 â€Å" Display. Regular workstations per ER bay have an iMAC consisting of 20 inch display, 2. GHz, 2GB RAM, 350 GB HD, Superdrive, Fiber card, OS virtualization with MAC OS X and Windows XP Pro. In their laboratories, all workstations have Apple iMAC which comes with a 20 Display, 2. 4 GHz, 2GB RAM, 500 MB HD, Fiber Card, Super Drive, OS Virtualization with MAC OS X Leopard and Windows XP Pro, and one HP 4700pht color laser printer/lab. Last, in the Pharmacy, all workstations include Apple iMAC that comes with a 20 display, 2. 4 GHz, 2GB RAM, 500 MB HD, Fiber card, Super drive, OS virtualization with MAC OS X and Windows XP Pro and two HP BW 4350 Laser Printers (Apollo Group, 2008). .u45de35d481dc8a99e865fc0a8280aa6c , .u45de35d481dc8a99e865fc0a8280aa6c .postImageUrl , .u45de35d481dc8a99e865fc0a8280aa6c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u45de35d481dc8a99e865fc0a8280aa6c , .u45de35d481dc8a99e865fc0a8280aa6c:hover , .u45de35d481dc8a99e865fc0a8280aa6c:visited , .u45de35d481dc8a99e865fc0a8280aa6c:active { border:0!important; } .u45de35d481dc8a99e865fc0a8280aa6c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u45de35d481dc8a99e865fc0a8280aa6c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u45de35d481dc8a99e865fc0a8280aa6c:active , .u45de35d481dc8a99e865fc0a8280aa6c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u45de35d481dc8a99e865fc0a8280aa6c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u45de35d481dc8a99e865fc0a8280aa6c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u45de35d481dc8a99e865fc0a8280aa6c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u45de35d481dc8a99e865fc0a8280aa6c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u45de35d481dc8a99e865fc0a8280aa6c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u45de35d481dc8a99e865fc0a8280aa6c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u45de35d481dc8a99e865fc0a8280aa6c .u45de35d481dc8a99e865fc0a8280aa6c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u45de35d481dc8a99e865fc0a8280aa6c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Khalid EssayPatton – Fuller’s RIS data center consistently uses the 1000 BaseF using single mode fiber. Their Data Center workstations run to the same Ethernet and consist of the following: * Apple Cluster Servers, running MAC OS Leopard Xserver with Remote Desktop and running PACS. * 10 Terabyte Disk Storage * 4 Gb Fiber Link * APC UPS IDXT280HD8R * Apple iMAC that comes with a 20 display, 2. 4 GHz, 2GB RAM, 350 MB HD, Super drive, Fiber card, wireless, OS virtualization with MAC OS X and Windows XP Pro * One HP BW 4350 Laser Printer One Kodak 6800 Dry Laser DICOM to Film Printer (Apollo Group, 2008) The OR, ICU and Ward Floor Systems use 100 BaseF with sing le mode fiber consist of the following with runs to the same Ethernet: * OR Systems * RIS Imaging – Use an Apple MAC PRO that includes 2 -3 GHz dual processors, 4 GB RAM, 750 MB HD, Nvidia 4600 Video Card, Fiber Card, OS Virtualization SW with MAC OS X Leopard and Windows VP Pro, Osirix Imaging Software, and a 30 flat panel display which is mounted to the wall. * OR Workstations – Use an Apple iMAC with a 20† display, 2. GHz, 2 GB RAM, 350 MB HD, Fiber card, Superdrive, Wireless, OS virtualization SW with MAC OS X Leopard Windows XP Pro * ICU – Ward Rooms/Bed locations * Wireless Access Point – at least one per ward and one per ICU area that uses Cisco 1250 series and 5 GHz * Each room has one network connection per bed that uses 24 port FO Hub per ward of ICU * Nurses Stations * All nurses workstation computers are Apple IMAC with a 20† display, 2. 0 GHz processor, 2 GB RAM, 350 MB HD, Fiber Card, Super Drive, OS Virtualization with MAC OS X Leopard and Windows XP Pro * One HP 4350 printer per nurses station Patton Fuller’s IT data center uses a 1000 BaseT with CAT 6 cable and all run on the same Ethernet that includes: * Hospital HIS System Computer IBM Series Z9EC Mainframe, OS = Linux, DB = DB218 Processors, 32 GB RAM, and AES Security * 10 Tera Byte NAS * 4 Gb UPS ISXT280HD8R * Windows Exchange Server IBM System, x3250XEON Dual Core, 2. 6 GHZ, 2 GB RAM, Raid 1, MS Windows Server, and 2003 Enterprise * Internet Server IBM System, x3250, XEON Dual Core, 2. 6 GHz, 2 GB RAM, RAID 1, and Linux Apache * Cisco Router model 7609 @ OC 1 RAS Server – IBM System, X3250 Linux * Cisco ASA 5510 VPN Router * Network Gateway * 1000 BaseF Fiber Network from Clinical Network * Data Center Workstations consist of Apple IMAC with a 20† display, 2. 0 GHz, 2 GB RAM, 350 MB HD, 1000 BasesT LAN, Superdrive, OS virtualization – MAC OS X Leopard and Windows XP Pro Based on the readings from Chapter 7 Wireless Local Area Network, Bluetooth appears to be missing from Patton-Fullerà ¢â‚¬â„¢s current network architecture. Bluetooth is the commercial name for the IEEE 802. 15 standards, which calls it a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN). Bluetooth’s Scandinavian inventor decided to name it after Danish King Harold Bluetooth (Fitzgerald Dennis, 2009). Bluetooth is a strikingly different type of wireless LAN from the others. It is not intended as a general-purpose network in competition with 802. 11 or 802. 16 wireless LANs or 802. 3 wired LANs. Its goal is to provide seamless networking of data and/or voice devices in a very small area (up to 10 meters or 30 feet, possibly to increase to about 100 meters or 300 feet with the next generation of technology). Bluetooth can be used to connect many types of devices, such as keyboards to computers and headsets to mobile phones (Fitzgerald Dennis, 2009). Bluetooth devices are small (about one-third of an inch square) and inexpensive. They are designed to replace short-distance cabling between devices such as keyboards, mice, and a telephone handset and base or to link a PDA to a car so that the door can unlock and automatically open as the owner approach. .ueaf6945f3647f8e21d4a827b6a0b9f77 , .ueaf6945f3647f8e21d4a827b6a0b9f77 .postImageUrl , .ueaf6945f3647f8e21d4a827b6a0b9f77 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ueaf6945f3647f8e21d4a827b6a0b9f77 , .ueaf6945f3647f8e21d4a827b6a0b9f77:hover , .ueaf6945f3647f8e21d4a827b6a0b9f77:visited , .ueaf6945f3647f8e21d4a827b6a0b9f77:active { border:0!important; } .ueaf6945f3647f8e21d4a827b6a0b9f77 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ueaf6945f3647f8e21d4a827b6a0b9f77 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ueaf6945f3647f8e21d4a827b6a0b9f77:active , .ueaf6945f3647f8e21d4a827b6a0b9f77:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ueaf6945f3647f8e21d4a827b6a0b9f77 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ueaf6945f3647f8e21d4a827b6a0b9f77 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ueaf6945f3647f8e21d4a827b6a0b9f77 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ueaf6945f3647f8e21d4a827b6a0b9f77 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ueaf6945f3647f8e21d4a827b6a0b9f77:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ueaf6945f3647f8e21d4a827b6a0b9f77 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ueaf6945f3647f8e21d4a827b6a0b9f77 .ueaf6945f3647f8e21d4a827b6a0b9f77-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ueaf6945f3647f8e21d4a827b6a0b9f77:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Japanese Internment Camps Essay SummaryBluetooth provides a basic data rate of 1 Mbps that can be divided into several separate voice and data channels (Fitzgerald Dennis, 2009). A Bluetooth network is called a piconet and consists of no more than eight devices, but can be linked to other piconets to form a larger network. One device is considered the piconet master, and all other devices are slaves. The master controls the piconet, selecting frequencies and access control used by the master and the slaves. All messages are sent from a slave to the master and from the master to a slave. The slaves do not communicate directly. All devices share the same frequency ranges so the network behaves in the same manner as a shared bus topology. Currently the following areas within Patton-Fuller Community Hospital use wireless technology: * All Executive Management workstations are equipped Wireless * HR, OPNS, and Finance Senior Manager workstations have wireless at their Apple iMAC workstation * The Data Center workstations use wireless Cisco Router model 7609 * OR workstations use wireless ICU – Ward Rooms/Bed locations have a Wireless Access Point Cisco 1250 Series 5 GHz (Apollo Group, 2008) As an added benefit, these wireless technologies currently enhance the hospital network to provide wireless data access. In conclusion, after analyzing Patton-Fuller’s network system in use and identifying that Bluetooth technology is missing from their current network architecture. Patients, visitors and employees can access the Internet using any standard laptop or PDA from any location within the hospital; this will further enhance the hospital network of wireless technology. References Apollo Group, Inc. (2008). Patton-Fuller Community Hospital. Network Diagrams. Retrieved July 8, 2010 from: Patton-Fuller Community Hospital Apollo Group, Inc. (2008). Patton-Fuller Community Hospital. Admin Network Diagrams. Retrieved July 8, 2010 from: Patton-Fuller Administrator network Fitzgerald Dennis (2009). Business Data Communications and Networking, Tenth Edition Chapter 7. Wireless Local Area Networks. Retrieved July 9, 2010 from: Chapter 7: Wireless Local Area Networks

The Slaughter House Five Essays - , Term Papers

The Slaughter House Five THE NOVEL - THE PLOT - Billy Pilgrim, like Kurt Vonnegut, was an American soldier in Europe in the last year of World War II. If you come to know a combat veteran well- a veteran of that war, of the Korean War, or of the war in Vietnam- you will almost always find that his war experience was the single most important event in his life. The sights and scars of war remain with the soldier for the rest of his days, and his memories of death and killing help to shape whatever future career he may make. The same is true for Billy Pilgrim. What he saw and did during his six months on the battlefield and as a prisoner of war have dominated his life. Slaughterhouse-Five shows how Billy comes to terms with the feelings of horror, guilt, and despair that are the result of his war experiences. Billy does this by putting the events of his life in perspective. He reorganizes his life so that all of it occurs within the context of his days in Europe during the war. Thus the novel relates Billy's prewar and postwar history (including his death in 1976, which was many years in the future when Vonnegut was writing this book), but the real story of the novel is the story of Billy's wartime days. All the other events in Billy's life are merely incidental to his time as a soldier and a prisoner of war. You see them as events that come to his mind as he lives, or relives, the last months of the war in Europe. Billy reorganizes his life by using the device of time-travel. Unlike everyone else, Billy Pilgrim doesn't live his life one day after another. He has become unstuck in time, and he jumps around among the periods of his life like a flea from dog to dog. When you meet him in Chapter 2, it is December 1944 and Billy and three other American soldiers are lost in a forest far behind enemy lines. Billy closes his eyes for a moment, drifts back to a day in his past with his father at the YMCA, then suddenly opens his eyes in the future: it's 1965 and he is visiting his mother in a nursing home. He blinks, the time changes to 1958, then 1961, and then he finds himself back in the forest in December 1944. Billy doesn't have much time to wonder about what has just happened. He's captured almost immediately by German soldiers and put onto a train bound for eastern Germany. Aboard the train Billy has a great adventure in the future: on his daughter's wedding night in 1967, he is kidnapped by a flying saucer from the imaginary planet Tralfamadore. The aliens take Billy to their home planet and put him in a zoo. Then, as always seems to happen, Billy wakes up back in the war. The train arrives at a prison camp, and there a group of British officers throw a banquet for the American POWs. Before long he is traveling in time again, to a mental hospital in 1948, where he's visited by his fiance, Valencia Merble. As soon as he recovers from his nervous breakdown, Billy will be set up in business as an optometrist by Valencia's father. Billy is introduced to science fiction by his hospital roommate, Eliot Rosewater, whose favorite author is Kilgore Trout. Trout's writing is terrible, but Billy comes to admire his ideas. Billy travels in time again to Tralfamadore, where he is the most popular exhibit in the zoo. His keepers love talking to Billy because his ideas are so strange to them. He thinks, for example, that wars could be prevented if people could see into the future as he can. Next Billy wakes up on the first night of his honeymoon. After making love, Valencia wants to talk about the war. Before Billy can say much about it, he's back there himself. The American POWs are being moved to Dresden, which as an open city (of no military value) has come through the war unscathed, while almost every other German city has been heavily bombed. Billy knows that Dresden will soon be totally destroyed, even though there's nothing worth bombing there- no troops, no weapons factories, nothing but people and beautiful buildings. The Americans are housed in building number five of the Dresden slaughterhouse. Billy continues his time-travels. He survives a plane crash in 1968. A few years before that, he meets Kilgore Trout. And on Tralfamadore he tells his zoo-mate, Montana Wildhack, about the

Eight people are traveling to Sticklehaven

Eight people are traveling to Sticklehaven, where they will catch a boat to Indian Island. They have been invited to spend a week on holiday on the island, but for each it was a vague invitation. Each is curious about what awaits them, and they have very diverse expectations. Most are traveling by train; Marston and Dr. Armstrong are driving. There are eight in all: Vera expects to be employed as a secretary; Blore is a private investigator hired to come to the island for a week; and the rest are guests. Several arrive in one train, and are surprised when they are all greeted by a single cab. A man named Fred Narracott ferries them from Sticklehaven to Indian Island. Dr. Armstrong, who does not drive very quickly, arrives late, and is taken over to the island on a second trip. When they arrive at the island, they find that their hosts have been delayed. Vera finds her room very large for that of a secretary, decorated in a modern styleit is a very modern house. There is a marble bear on her mantle, and a nursery rhyme is hanging on the wall. It is about "ten little niggers," and she recognizes it from her youth. In it, the "niggers" die off one by one, until there are none. The butler and the maid, a married couple (the Rogers), are providing for the guests despite the hosts' absence, and they soon serve dinner. The guests enjoy a delicious dinner, and loosen up somewhat. Suddenly they hear a mechanical voice. It accuses each of them of being responsible for someone's death. The guests are shocked and infuriated. The maid, Mrs. Rogers, faints and then is taken to her room to sleep. They discover that the voice came from a record player. The butler had been given directions to set it to play. After the guests help Mrs. Rogers, they begin to discuss their situation. Each explains his or her invitation to the island. The group is shocked that whoever masterminded the invitations was able to impersonate various old friends and spec...

Dick Spencer Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dick Spencer - Research Paper Example The case study highlights about Dick Spencer, who works as a Vice President in one of the large manufacturing firms. However, prior to that he was a plant manager of a Modrow Company, which was also the Canadian branch office of Tri-American Corporation. Tri-American Corporation was a major player in the aluminum manufacturing industry and it was also involved in the integrated operations such as mining of bauxite, processing and fabrication that result in various end products. The company employed around 22,000 people has presence in different parts of the world. The company followed a decentralized organizational structure that allowed plan managers to gain extra control and authority over the operation but at the same time the pressure of profitability was significant. In order to further experience growth the company had accomplished an expansion project and modernization project. The cost of this project was very high, but the return on investment was expected to surpass the ini tial investment and that made the project feasible. Despite that the plant manager, Dick Spencer was a bit more skeptical about the viability of the project and as a precautionary measure the manager initiated a campaign that encouraged employees to cut expenses in whatever ways possible. He also urged employees to reduce the expenses and cut down cost to the highest possible extent. This report seeks to identify the key factors that contributed to Spencer’s success as a salesperson and tribulations as a manager. The report will also throw light on these factors that led to success as a salesman or his failure as a manager. Lastly, the study will recommend some of the steps or techniques that could be adopted which will help have Dick Spencer to become successful as a manager. Factors Contributing to Spencer’s success as a Salesperson and Tribulations as a Manager Selling and management are two different domains of business as the duties greatly differ from one another (Boles, Brashear, Bellenger & Barksdale, 2000). However, both the functions play imperative role in the success of a company. A sale is a key organizational function and the sales personnel plays key role in bringing revenues for the organization. In doing so a sales person generally exhibits various exceptional qualities. On the contrary, management is another vital function of an organization (Matsuno, Mentzer & Rentz, 2000). It helps in ensuring the organizational tasks are accomplished in a systematic and timely manner. Furthermore, the people of management also have the responsibility to administer the organizational activities and making decisions at every point of time. However, success or failure on these given fields greatly depends upon certain factors. In this context the factors which were responsible for Mr. Dick’s failure and success are underlined below: - Charming personality and business knowledge According to the viewpoint of the colleagues of Mr. Dick, he had a charming personality and good looks. Moreover, Mr. Dick also possessed sound business knowledge. The ability to sell products also needs special mention. This allowed Mr. Dick to become one of the successful salesmen of the company. In addition to these qualities, Mr. Dick also had a tremendous amount of energy and during his initial days enjoyed the work of a salesman. Despite, friend’s advice to switch into sales management jobs, he continued to act as a salesman. This clearly reflects the extent to which Mr. Dick was a self motivating person and how passion for sales had driven him. Self Motivation Self motivation is another major factor that played a significant role in the development of Mr. Dick as a salesperson. Eminent Scholar such as Pelham (2002) emphasizes that

The next Financial crisis, video and discussion Essay

The next Financial crisis, video and discussion - Essay Example The problem started from largest and most influential economy in the world the United States, owner of the international traded currency the US dollar. In my view governments have in most part just made temporary fixes in managing the global financial crisis. The problem will definitely return with a vengeance, with massive increase in public debt in almost all developed economies, which can definitely initiate the next phase of the global economic crisis. We are in the middle of a full-blown sovereign debt crisis that will create more mayhem on the global financial system than the problem that started 3 years ago. Global economic climate changes too rapidly and the circumstances are complex, providing a real challenge for those who intend to effectively resolve and police these problems (Torbat, 2008). With the help IMF we need to better regulate the worlds financial system and avoid a repeat of the global credit crisis, with uniformed global financial regulations and joint surveillance of international financial markets. Industrialized nations should learn from the East on ways to tighten rules in the US and Europe. As most of these economies have been able to withstand the financial crisis, and in fact have been to grow at high single digits. As China and India werent fully integrated into the global financial system and followed stricter guidelines and regulation, which we can see, have helped them tremendously. The international monetary community can learn that they need to be ready and the ability to prevent a financial crisis. The countries need wise macroeconomic policy and effective financial regulation and supervision. Global financial bodies like the IMF need to put in place a framework to facilitate international supervision and regulation as well as crisis prevention, management, and

Current Theories And Models Of Leadership Management Essay

Current Theories And Models Of Leadership Management Essay According to Adair a leader needs to exhibit certain attributes/qualities/characteristics in order to effectively exercise their leadership functions. These are: Group Influence a leader must generate willingness to achieve desired goal or objective. Command a leader must decide upon a course of action as quickly as the situation demands and to carry through with a firmness and strength of purpose. Coolness a leader must remain composed under testing or trying conditions. Judgment a leader must possess the ability to arrange available resources and information in a systematic and commonsense way to produce effective results. Application/ Responsibility a leader must demonstrate sustained effort combined with a degree of dependability in order to complete a task or achieve an objective (Kermally 2005). Although leadership trait theories are popular, it is viewed by many as very simplistic. There are those that argue that trait theories attribute the success of leadership solely to his or her personality and physical traits or characteristics without regard to the situational context. The trait approach is considered too simplistic as an explanation of the complex leadership phenomenon. Transformational Leadership Theory One of the most popular theories of leadership is Transformational Leadership theory, which was the focus of the works done by Bennis and Nanus (1985), Tichy and Devanna (1986) and Kouzes and Posner (1987). These writers were interested in leaders involved in major changes, operating from the top of the organization. All three pairs utilized relatively small, nonsystematic and non-representative sampling. Evidence has accumulated that transformational leadership can move followers to exceed expected performance. Tesco is considered as the most successful retail company in the United Kingdom. The success of Tesco was heralded by the appointment of Terry Leahy as the Chief Executive Officer. Leahy is considered as a visionary leader who led the company into a series of organizational changes that aimed for the company to become more customer-focused and to develop the companys workforce. Terry Leahy is revered as an excellent leader. Leahy was reported to say that he believes that the success of a leader depends upon maintaining a happy workforce. According to him, there are four things that a leader must provide to his workers and followers to satisfy and motivate them. These are: v  Ã‚  A job that is interesting to do v  Ã‚  A chance to get on in life v  Ã‚  To be treated with respect v  Ã‚  A boss who is some help and not their biggest problem Leadership Model: Bases of Power One of the most popular models of leadership is bases of power. The five bases of power model was introduced by French and Raven in 1959. There are basically two groups of power bases according to French and Raven (1959). These are personal (expert and referent) and position (legitimate, reward and coercive). The French-Raven model attempts to answer the question: What is it that gives an organization, group or individual influence over others (Shannon, 1996). Coercive power this refers to the idea that power can be wielded in a manner that creates fear. Reward power this is the ability to control rewards or positive reinforcers within an organization. Expert power this is power that stems from the leaders possession of special knowledge or expertise. Legitimate power this power stems from the leaders position that gives him or her right to exercise power. Referent power this power stems from the subordinates respect, liking or a feeling that the leader can provide psychological rewards or advancement. Among the five bases of power, there are three bases in which the success of Terry Leahys leadership is founded. These are legitimate power, expert power and referent power. Legitimate power stems from an individuals position within an organization and their right to require and demand compliance from subordinate. Legitimate power is a formal authority delegated to the holder of the position. Legitimate power was achieved by Leahy when he ascended as the CEO of Tesco. Through his position, he is able to lead the companys people. Expert power may include communications, interpersonal skills , scientific knowledge and so on. Such expertise is very valuable but specific to a task. It is based on the perception of the leaders ownership of distinct superior knowledge, expertise, ability or skill. Terry Leahy immediately joined Tesco straight after graduating from the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST) in 1979. He entered the supermarket chain as a marketi ng executive, was appointed to Tescos board of directors in 1992 and by the time he was 40 he had worked his way up to become chief executive in 1997. His wide experience in the company makes him very knowledgeable of the company, its customers, and its operations. His years of experience in the company makes him a possessor of valuable knowledge of the company, its operations, customers and industry. Referent power is based on group members identification with, attraction to, or respect for the leader. It is a leaders charisma and interpersonal skills which causes subordinates to gain a sense of intrinsic personal satisfaction from the identification of being an accepted follower. Leahy is a very popular leader among his follower. This is because he motivates them and constantly empowers them. He is also charismatic. Leadership Model: Action-Centered Leadership John Adair is one of the most influential leadership gurus. He became the worlds first Professor of Leadership Studies at the University of Surrey and is regularly cited as one of the worlds most influential contributors to leadership development and understanding. Adairs leadership work is written in a hugely rich, detailed and insightful manner that reflects his string academic interest in both modern and classical history. Adair is most famous for his Action Centred Leadership (ACL) model of leadership. The ACL model is represented by three interlocking circles encompassing the following: 1. Achieving the task 2. Building and maintaining the team 3. Developing the individual (Thomas 2005). Two of the main strengths of Adairs concept are that it is timeless and not culture or situation-dependent. A third strength of Action-Centered Leadership is that it can help the leader to identify which dimension of the organization or team needs to be strengthened in order to achieve its goals (Kermally 20005). One major criticism of Action-Centred Leadership is that it takes little account of the flat structures that are now generally advocated as the best organizational form. Action-Centred Leadership is also criticized for being authoritarian, applicable in a rigid, formal, military-type environment, but less relevant to the modern workplace, where the leadership emphasis is on leading change, empowering, enabling, managing knowledge and fostering innovation (Chartered Management Institute 2003). Perhaps one of the weaknesses that the critics of the Action-Centred Leadership is that it does not fit the modern organizations. Action-Centred Leadership tends to focus on the hierarc hical structure of the organization. It is applicable in organizations that are highly authoritarian. Impacts of Leadership Styles on the Organization and Its Sub-Units   Leadership style according to Rosen (1989) refers to the characteristic pattern exhibited by a leader on the process of decision-making and exercising authority. There are two types of leadership that I want to discuss. These are autocratic and participative leaderships. In an autocratic style of leadership, the group or organization is managed under the authoritarian leader. The participative leader on the other hand, possesses the same power as the autocratic one. However, a participative leader chooses to exercise his power differently during the policy-making and work-role assignment phases of the group action.   The appointment of Terry Leahy as the CEO of Tesco marked a new era for the company. Leahy adapted a participative style of leadership wherein the employees are given voice in the decision-making process. The CEO also gives emphasis on the importance of appointing many leaders to handle organizational process. The organizational structure therefore became more flat where the roles and responsibilities of everyone are clearly stated. Leahy delegates leadership roles to individuals in the organization in order to ensure that the company, with more than 300,000 employees, operates effectively. The leadership style that is manifested by Terry Leahy and is imitated by the leaders in the company has changed the structure of the company. The company has adapted an organic for of organization. An organic system is characterized by low to moderate use of formal rules and regulations, decentralized and shared decision making, broadly defined job responsibilities, and a flexible authority s tructure with fewer levels in the hierarchy. An organic structure is more appropriate to those organizations where there is a need to be innovative. The pressure of innovation suggests a structure that can respond to environmental variations rapidly so it is necessarily loosely defined and flexible. The organization tends not to be formalized nor are roles too closely structured (Salaman 2001, p.106). Organic organizations are stratified primarily in terms of expertise, and leadership accrues to those who are the best informed and capable. There is much more commitment to the organization, with the result that formal and informal systems become indistinguishable. A framework of values and beliefs, much like those characterizing a profession, develops that becomes an effective substitute for formal hierarchy (Miner 2002, p. 449). The company has adapted a simpler and flatter organizational structure. Task 2: Current and Future Requirements Current Requirements  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In order to remain successful in todays highly competitive business environment, many organizations are coming up with strategies to tap the full potential of their human resources. A companys people can be a source of competitive advantage. This is philosophy behind employee empowerment and participative management. Employees are now seen as partners. Because of this, organizations are giving more power and responsibilities to their people. Employee empowerment and participative management will increase productivity, give rise to better decisions, improve employee morale and job satisfaction, elicit greater commitment among employees, encourage flexibility, make employees adapt to changes faster, improve communication and increase employee trust.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the current requirements of leadership in Tesco is the development of participative management skills in leaders. The leaders at Tesco need to possess the necessary skills in order for them to practice participative leadership properly. The skills that the leaders must possess are: 1. Interest and concern 2. Communication 3. Conflict resolution 4. Negotiation 5. Compromise 6. Synergy 7. Flexibility   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Participative leadership is a leadership style which involves members of a group, sub-unit or organization identifying essential goals and developing procedures or strategies to reach those goals. Implementing participative management will also help the company to develop people in the organization to become leaders. Through participative management, people in the organization are encouraged to take part in decision-making, express their ideas and to showcase their talents and skills. The discovery of hidden talents and skills will not only help the group, sub-unit or organization reach their goals it will also alert the organization to people within the organization who have the potential to become leaders. Future Requirements   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One famous contemporary writer on leadership is Warren Bennis (1994). He believes that a leader must have a direction, he must earn the trust of his followers, he must kindle hope and optimism, and he must be results-driven. On the other hand, James M. Kouzes and Barry Z. Posner (1987) believes that a leader must   seek to challenge and improve the process, inspire a share vision, enable other to act, act as s role-model, and encourage the heart of the followers. The future leader must not only focus of achieving the task. He must also learn to develop his people. He needs to learn the value of motivation. The future leader must know how to motivate using monetary rewards and he must also use psychological and emotional rewards to motivate his people. The future leader must find the balance between task-orientation and relationship-orientation. On the one hand, he needs to lead his people in achieving their shared goals and objectives an d on the other hand, he must be able to build strong relationships with the people around him. The importance of emotions must also be recognized.   Task 3: Proposals for the Development of Leadership 1. On-the-Job Learning The company must recognize that the primary place for leaders to learn is on the job and on the line. In order to the company to help leaders learn within the organization, educational facilities must be established inside the organization. The company needs to appoint educators that will educate and develop leaders in various countries and places where Tesco is operating. The organization must institute a Corporate Education department that will be under the HRM department. Within the Corporate Education, a Business Leadership Development (BLD) must be established. This group will focus on executive development and overall leadership development, and it will also be responsible for all training specific to leadership. Business Leadership Development should be used to come up with systematic ways to build the capabilities of Tescos business leaders. The emphasis of the BLD process must be to provide development opportunities at key transition points in individuals careers. To accompl ish this goal, a curriculum must be designed and must be operate under the following principles: Based on real problems and strategic initiatives Linked to business objectives and company values Segmented by customer needs Sponsored by CEO and senior executives Comprised of global content and delivered worldwide Based on validated competencies for success 2. Leader Sponsorship Another strategy to effectively develop leaders is through sponsorship. Through sponsorship, senior executives in Tesco will sponsor and will actively participate in leadership development. Example of leader sponsorship activities are involvement of senior executives in management conferences and facilitating dialogue sessions after a leadership development program. Senior executives can also facilitate panel discussions. Through sponsorship, Tescos successful leaders will be able to share and to instil the characteristics, skills and attributes of effective leaders to the future generation of leaders. 3. Leadership Development and Review In order to identify, evaluate, and develop future leaders, Tesco needs to come up with a list of competencies that is needed to become an effective Tesco leader. These competencies can be used as criteria in leadership development. These criteria will also be helpful in providing content for the leadership and management assessment processes, through activities like self-assessment, multi-score feedback, and assessment simulations. They will help identify and qualify external executive development resources. 4. Corporate Universities It is important for Tesco to realize that their most important assets are human capital and the know-how that reside in the minds of the employees. With this realization, the company needs to establish a corporate university. A corporate university links employee learning to overall company strategy, and as a result a corporate university will become a connective tissue for the organization. 5. Developing Emotional Intelligence among Leaders One important development area which must be focused on is emotional intelligence. Future successful leaders need to recognize and learn to influence the emotions of the people around them. An effective leader must have a high level of Emotional Intelligence. Dubrin et al (2006) identifies five factors of emotional intelligence. These are: 1. Self-awareness the leader of the future must be able to understand his or her emotions and how these affect other people. 2. Self-regulation the leader of the future must be able control his emotions and react with appropriate emotion in every given situation. 3. Motivation money or status is not the only motivating factor for a successful leader in the future. He finds fulfillment and satisfaction in performing his tasks. 4. Empathy the leader of the future responds to the unspoken feelings of others. 5. Social skills having effective social skills is important. The leader of the future must build relationships and networks of support. He must build positive relationships with the people around him or her.

Insufficient Amount Of Insulin Health And Social Care Essay

Type-1 diabetes occurs when the organic structure produces an deficient sum of insulin. It is besides known as juvenile diabetes or early-onset diabetes because it normally develops before the age of 40. Type-1 diabetes is less common than type-2 diabetes, which occurs when the organic structure producesA excessively small insulin or when the cells in the organic structure do non respond decently to insulin. Peoples with type-1 diabetes make up merely 10 % of all people with diabetes, of which there are 2.9million in the UK. The symptoms of holding type-1 diabetes are increased thirst and frequent micturition, Extreme hungriness, Weight loss, Fatigue, and blurred vision. If left untreated type-1 diabetes can take to decease. This human death can be due to several grounds ; people with diabetes have a higher than mean hazard of holding a bosom onslaught or Stroke. Peoples who are unfortunate plenty to endure from either signifier of diabetes are more than twice every bit likely as peo ple without diabetes to endure a shot or bosom onslaught. Harmonizing to ( diabetes.org ) two out of three people with diabetes die from bosom disease or shot besides called cardiovascular disease. There is besides a hazard of a diabetic coma which is frequently fatal. No affair the cause, every bit shortly as the islet cells have been destroyed, sick persons of type 1 diabetes will bring forth small to no insulin, if this happened in a healthy individual the liver would change over stored animal starch back into glucose maintaining the individual ‘s blood glucose degree within a healthy scope. In a type 1 sick person the latter would non happen as there would be no insulin in their organic structure to assist glucose into the cells, because of this the sugar would construct up in the blood stream ( alternatively of being transported into the cells ) where it could do major harm if non decease.What is insulin?Insulin is a endocrine that comes from the pancreas and helps glucose enter the cells ( to supply energy ) without insulin glucose can non come in the cells and so blood glucose degrees can be low ( hypoglycemia ) if this happens a individual can experience an array of side effects and even travel into a diabetic coma hypertext transfer protocol: //urbanext.illinois.edu/diabetes2/illustrations/glucose_insulin1.jpgPrevalence of diabetes in the UK 2011Prevalence of diabetes in the UK 2006The two above tabular arraies shows merely how huge the addition has been in the sum of people enduring from diabetes, nevertheless the study that I found these tabular arraies from said that they found that the per centum of sick persons with type-1 stayed reasonably changeless and that it was type-2 that had showed the big addition.Insulin pump therapyhypertext transfer protocol: //docnews.diabetesjournals.org/content/1/1/15/F7.medium.gif Insulin pump therapy is non a remedy to either signifiers of diabetes, nevertheless it is the most efficient, effectual and good intervention for sick persons at this clip and because of this is the chief solution I have chosen for my coursework. I chose to concentrate on the company Medtronic as their work with insulin pumps is shown to be to a great extent favoured by many independent sites and by persons posting on the web site. I have chosen non to compose about any possible remedies, due to the fact that at this clip there are no definite cures merely ‘possible ‘ remedies.How does the Medtronic MiniMed Paradigm Veo pump work?The Veo insulin pump differentiates its ego from the many other types of insulin pump due to its new and alone characteristics, most pumps merely supplies certain sums of insulin at regular intervals throughout the twenty-four hours, and are frequently able to be programmed to infix more insulin around repast times when there is the largest sum o f glucose come ining the organic structure. The Veo pump nevertheless has an array of advanced characteristics that improve the wellness both at the clip and in the hereafter. These characteristics include: A uninterrupted glucose proctor that automatically detects how low the sick persons blood glucose degrees are A low blood glucose degree response system ( LGS ) that can react to the above state of affairs by curtailing or halting the sum of insulin released so as to raise the blood glucose degrees An ability to record and proctor blood glucose degrees all twenty-four hours every twenty-four hours Show the user their blood glucose degrees The system warns the user when their glucose degrees stray towards unsafe degrees Most pumps including the Medtronic work on a repast by meal footing with little sums of insulin being injected in between these periods, this is shown on the graph belowhttp: //dtc.ucsf.edu/images/graphs/graph_pump_regimen.gifConsequenceshypertext transfer protocol: //www.medtronicdiabetes.ca/en/images/fingersticks.jpg The above graph shows the difference between the mean insulin pump which uses fingersticks to demo a few points in the rhythm of high and low blood sugar degrees, whereas the Veo uses CGM ( uninterrupted glucose supervising ) to demo all the points where the user is above, below or within their mark zone, the web site describes the differences â€Å" fingersticks being a few scenes, with CGM being the full film † Below are three graphs that compare glycaemic control and insulin dose in people with type 1 diabetes treated by insulin extract pump therapy or optimized insulin injections. The graphs compare three different factors Blood Glucose Level = ability to maintain blood glucose degrees healthy Glycated Haemoglobin = ability to maintain sum of glycated hemoglobin at a healthy degree, e.g. non to high Insulin dose = the positive consequence of holding insulin infused by either insulin pump or through injection Blood glucose control The graph below shows that glycaemic control was better during pump intervention than in injection therapy. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bmj.com/highwire/filestream/408723/field_highwire_fragment_image_m/0/F1.medium.gifGlycated hemoglobinThe graph below shows that the per centum of glycated hemoglobin was lower during pump therapyhttp: //www.bmj.com/highwire/filestream/408741/field_highwire_fragment_image_m/0/F2.medium.gif Insulin dose hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bmj.com/highwire/filestream/408755/field_highwire_fragment_image_m/0/F3.medium.gifCogency of consequencesIt is likely that the consequences are dependable, as the consequences were taken from a big figure of indifferent beginnings. The consequences were taken under the undermentioned conditions: 301 people with type 1 diabetes allocated to insulin extract and 299 allocated to insulin injections for between 2.5 and 24 months. To happen information that met the standards, the researches searched through Medline ( 1975 to 2000 ) and Embase ( 1980-2000 ) for documents on different insulin infixing systems. In the terminal they merely selected surveies that were randomized controlled tests of pump therapy compared with optimized insulin injection. Data was so extracted from text, tabular arraies, and graphs. This information was so assessed and reviewed by two independent individuals ; they assessed glycaemic control with each method as average blood glucose concentration and per centum of Glycated hemoglobin. They so took note of the entire day-to-day insulin dosage on the two governments. Equally good as this the type of pump, the type of insulin, and the insulin injection regimen were recorded. Beginnings of heterogeneousness ( the quality of being diverse and non comparable in sort ) were assessed with a random effects arrested development analysis with age, continuance of diabetes and intervention, and twelvemonth of survey being the independent variables. They tested their hypothesis by ciphering the ratio of the minimal discrepancy weighted geometric agencies of the SDs of blood glucose concentrations on the two regimens. This reinforces that the consequences are likely to be valid due to the huge figure of groups that underwent the experiment and the conditions under which the consequences were taken.Deductions of solutionAdvantagesThe intervention has shown to straight lower and even extinguish the opportunities of acquiring hypoglycemia due to the LGS characteristic Allows the user to drive and execute hazard filled undertakings with comfort cognizing that they will be warned if they have a low Blood Sugar degree Ensures the user that they can execute strenuous undertakings such every bit exercising as they will cognize if they are at hazard of fainting or holding low energy degreesDisadvantagesWhile the insulin pump is a antic intervention, it is non a remedy and so requires care This intervention can be rather expensive in states such as America that do non supply a national insurance, unless said sick person attains fundingEconomic and ethical effectsEthically there are n't truly any complications with this intervention, unless you have spiritual expostulations which do non let you to accept it. Economically this intervention provides many occupations to the industries of the pump and the manufacturers of the insulin Unless you live in a state where there is a national insurance, this intervention can be highly expensive so means some people have to utilize more basic interventionsAlternate TreatmentsNanotechnologyâ€Å" Another possible remedy may one twenty-four hours come from the microscopic, Nano technological spectrum. In this case, bantam insulin implants could meter out insulin to blood glucose degrees as and when it is required. This type of remedy is theoretically possible, and several scientists are working towards this hereafter. However as with other signifiers of possible diabetes cure this remains merely a distant potency † Bantam capsules can be implanted into the organic structure to make an unreal pancreas. When blood sugar flows inside the capsule, it stimulates the cells to bring forth insulin to command sugar degrees. The device has nano pores, pores so little that the organic structure ‘s antibodies can non acquire in to assail the cells, but big plenty that the insulin can flux out and into the organic structure. If nanotechnology can go cost effectual it is a feasible solution to diabetes. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.autokinematics.com/resource/nanotech-1.jpgBring arounding Diabetes with Our Own Stem Cells!In October 2011 scientists at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology in Tsukuba Science City, Japan stated that they had found a possible remedy to diabetes. The extracted nervous root cells from rats via the olfactory organ were turned into pancreatic cells that can fabricate insulin to handle diabetes.http: //t0.gstatic.com/images? q=tbn: ANd9GcQ-Z8c26wx5B0PQflux1yHgFHlngRkkpHt7qBb7lecGzlLvIrxRSg First, they extracted a bantam sum of tissue from the portion of the encephalon which deals with odor through the rhinal pit, they so extracted nervous root cells an exposed them to a human protein that switches on insulin production every bit good as an antibody that blocks the natural inhibitor of insulin production. After two hebdomads the scientists placed the cells on thin sheets of collagen ( which acted as a scaffold ) leting them to put the sheets on top of the rats ‘ pancreas without damaging the organ. Within a hebdomad the concentrations of insulin in the blood of the rats that received the intervention matched those in the non-diabetic rats. This intervention had a 100 % success rate in all rats due to the 0 % rejections as the cells were their ain. The cells successfully tackled diabetes for 19 hebdomads until research workers halted the intervention by taking the sheets of cells, after which the rats ‘ diabetes returned.

Why has it been difficult to obtain peace in Northern Ireland?

There is a large variety of social, political and religious reasons why it has been hard to obtain peace in Northern Ireland; there have also been many events that occurred in Northern Ireland that seriously hindered peace progress talks. These are four events that seriously effect peace in Northern Ireland right up to the current day, the Civil Rights Movement, Bloody Sunday, Hunger Strikes and Peace Movements. All these events will be described in my piece of work, I will identify why they happened and who was involved. I will also explain how a power sharing agreement took so long to be put into place because of the impact these events had on the prejudice between Catholic Nationalists and Protestant Unionists. The Civil Rights Movement was a series of Nationalist Catholic marches held between 1967 and 1972 in Northern Ireland, these marches were organised to protest against the discrimination Catholics faced at that time. This discrimination came in many forms for example Catholics found it harder to get houses and some families were on the waiting list for years while single Protestants were placed in homes before them. They also found it hard to get their children good education, or even get themselves a job because many employers would only take on Protestants. It even effected voting as not every Catholic was aloud to take part in the election campaign. So the Nationalist Catholics organised many marches demanding equal rights and to stop prejudice against them. Though these marches were organised with peaceful intent they often turned into mass riots and conflict between Catholic and Protestant civilians. Sometimes it was suspected terrorists had infiltrated peaceful marches and caused violence that often escalated into riots and these caused innocent people to get seriously injured. One of the most famous riots was the Battle of Bogside; this riot took place in Derry and lasted from 12-14 August 1969. The riot saw over five hundred women and children evacuated out of the area and caused over 1000 casualties. It was clear the Irish police and the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) alone could not deal with mass violence on this scale so to try and stop the riots the British Government sent paratroopers in to try and obtain peace. The paratrooper's main objective was to try and destroy the IRA which was quickly reforming. But many Irish people saw the paratroopers as occupational forces and because of this they where largely hated by Catholics. This led to a lot of tension in and around the country and even led to a slight collapse in the Northern Irish government as they only half met the demands of the people involved with the Civil Rights Movement. This caused uproar as Nationalist Catholics still felt discriminated against so they continued to act out violently in public protests, this lead to one of the most tragic days in the history of Northern Ireland, Bloody Sunday. Bloody Sunday was the 30th of January 1972, it began as a march Londonderry organised by the Civil Rights Movement to protest against internment. Internment began in 1971, this was a law passed by the British Government allowing suspected terrorist in Northern Ireland to be arrested and imprisoned without charge. Catholic Nationalist was strongly against internment as most of the people arrested where Catholic, when there where almost equal amounts of terrorist on both sides. Some of the Catholics that were imprisoned became subject to torture like lack of sleep, this lead to national outrage. Pre-organised marches at this point by British Government 15,000 Catholics still congregated in the middle of the city on the 30th of January 1972 and began a protest march. But later that day violence began as Catholics began to throw rocks and other objects at British paratroopers who responded by opening fire on a crowd of unarmed civilians and killed thirteen of them, some of which were shot in the back. This did not help the peace process at all; the nation was again outraged, the little trust between Nationalist and paratroopers had now been totally destroyed and the deaths of those thirteen civilians were considered murders, the people that died were considered martyrs to the Nationalist cause. This strengthened the IRA's cause and they began to get funding and weaponry from other countries, such as the USA, they seemed to many to have proven their point that they needed to attack the Unionists and paratroopers and not just defend the Nationalist. It also affected power sharing talks between Nationalists and Unionists, Nationalist Catholics across the country saw the paratroopers as murders, and what added insult to injury was the fact that the paratroopers were not disciplined in any way for they had done, so hatred between Catholics and paratroopers and Catholics And Protestants (who by many were blamed for the deaths on Bloody Sunday) severely escalated. Catholics began to say there was no way they would ever share power with murderers, how could they ever trust the Government and Protestants to not make the same mistakes, how could they be sure there would not be a second event as catastrophic as Bloody Sunday, this meant any peace agreement between Nationalists and Unionists would be delayed. If one was put into place just after the Civil Rights Movement it would have lead to a national outrage as the hatred and violence between Nationalists and Protestants that many did not see peace as an option and many would refuse to stop the violence. The Civil Rights Movement and all its marches, including Bloody Sunday still have a big impact on peace today. Even though in 2007 a power sharing agreement was reached there is still a lot of prejudice and anger between the Nationalist and Unionist. Nationalists look back at events such as Bloody Sunday or the Battle of Bogside with hatred towards Unionists and Unionists will do likewise, it is very difficult for the people involved to forget the past and forgive their opponents. People still do not trust the British Government after the paratroopers murdered those thirteen men and this has made it difficult for the British Government to make any major decisions influencing Northern Ireland as they would widely be discredited and not accepted. Another factor that has made it difficult to obtain peace in Northern Ireland is the Hunger Strikes of 1980-1981. Members of the IRA that had been imprisoned were treated like everyday criminals, but they wanted to be recognised as prisoners of war. Prisoners of war were treated differently than normal prisoners, they got to wear there own clothes, aloud to organise their own activities in the prison, they would have freedom of association, they would serve less time for their crimes then a normal prisoner and they would not have to participate in prison work. The members of the IRA that were inside the prison believed they should be know as prisoners of war and get their privileges for a variety of reasons, for one they were jailed from a court without a jury, they felt the situation in Ireland was a war whether the Government would admit it or not and also members of the IRA that had been in the jail before them had these privileges but they were taken away as time progressed. But the British Government refused to grant them these privileges and did not allow them to be known as prisoners of war, this caused uproar with the IRA members that were imprisoned and other splinter groups. A while before the hunger strikes were put into place members of the IRA in the jail went on a thing known as the ‘Dirty Protest' this is were prisoners would cover the walls of there cell with their own excrement, though it caused extra work for the prison workers and made the jail generally filthy it did not have a large effect on the outside world. It did not bring much attention to the prisoner's situation and it was clear a larger demonstration would have to come to place to have a big enough impact to affect the outside world, the prisoners felt hunger strikes were the best way to achieve their goal. The leader of the very first hunger strikes was called Brendan Hughes, but he was not seen as a good leader at the time and made a vital mistake by calling the strike of when he thought the British Government would give in to their demands but they did not. So weeks after the first attempt at a hunger strike Bobby Sands took over as the leader and developed a plan were a new person would go on strike every week, this was so there would be roughly a death a week if the British Government did not give up to their demands, a death a week would have the ultimate shock factor on the public. Even when the hunger strikes began and Bobby Sands, who opted to be the first strikers, was about to die Margaret Thatcher refused to intervene, she did not want to admit to the situation in Northern Ireland as being a war and that meant not allowing the prisoners on strike to be know as prisoners of war, she also did consider there crimes any different as the crimes of the over prisoners, she famously declared ‘crime is crime is crime; it is not political. This sparked outrage across Northern Ireland as there was huge support for what Bobby Sands and the other hunger strikers were doing, such support that Bobby Sands was elected as an MP while he was starving in jail. When Booby Sands was announced dead May 5, 1981, he was aged 27 and was on strike 66 days, he was known as a martyr for the Nationalist cause and for the IRA. The national outcry that occurred after his death resulted in more people joining the IRA and a big increase in their activity. The British Government and Unionist were once again considered murderers by the majority of Nationalist people. Over 100,000 people attended Bobby Sands funeral, which was over one fifth the Catholics population in Northern Ireland at the time. The media coverage of Bobby Sands death sparked a wave of support and sympathy around the world for him, the other hunger strikers, and what the IRA were trying to achieve. There were huge protests on the street and violence around the country in support of what the strikers were doing. The Unionist and British response to the hunger strike was reactionary, they tried their best to stop the hunger strikes by trying to half meet the prisoners demands but they did not solve the root of the problem, the peoples pride and passion and their believe that they were correct. Eventually ten prisoners died as a result of the hunger strikes and the British Government proposed that prisoners from the IRA and other terrorist organisations were given many advantages that prisoners of war were given but they still had to participate in prison work and were not presented with the term prisoners of war. After the hunger strikes Margaret Thatcher boasted that that they had not cave in to the demands of the hunger strikers and it was a victory for the British Government. But the political effect of the hunger strikes was huge, the British government and what they stood for were resented hugely again by the Nationalist in Northern Ireland, people saw them as murders and lyres and with the events of Bloody Sunday still on peoples mind the British and Unionist were hated more then ever by Catholics. This effected peace in the long run as well power sharing was not accepted for so long because of events such as this and the passion behind them. Nationalist do not want to share power with the murders of one of there heroes Bobby Sands, and do not want to share power with people that they considered caused through there unfair democracy such violence and disorder in Northern Ireland for so many years, that caused so many lives to be lost. There have been many peace talks based around Northern Ireland over the years, most were to do with power sharing but many broke down because of events like the Civil Rights Movement and hunger strikes. The first major peace talk was the 1973-1974 power sharing executive; this was agreed between the major political parties and William Whitelaw the Northern Ireland secretary. The power sharing executive, known as the Sunningdale Agreement, suggested that a new power sharing assembly was elected to govern Northern Ireland and that a power sharing executive represented the main political parties and guaranteed to share power between the Republic and Northern Ireland. Although this agreement was well received by most parties, the DUP opposed the agreement and refused to join. A general strike was organised in May 1974 by the Unionist Ulster workers council brought Northern Ireland to a halt. This caused the power sharing executive to resign and as a result of this direct rule from Westminster returned, the Sunningdale Agreement had failed. The next attempted peace agreement was the 1985 Anglo-Irish Agreement; this was between Margaret Thatcher and the Irish Taoiseach Garret Fitzgerald. They agreed to an intergovernmental conference that would be held regularly, they would keep cross border co-operation on political legal and security matters, the British Government accepted the possibility of a united Ireland in the future, but only if the majority of Northern Ireland consented and the Republic of Ireland accepted the existence of partition and the principle of consent. Nationalist across Northern Ireland were divided in their reactions, the SDLP saw it as a big chance for progress but Sinn Fein saw it as enforced partition and did not approve. Unionist resented this agreement and would not coincided with what it was saying, big strikes and demonstrations followed the release of the Anglo-Irish Agreement and the violence of the people and paramilitaries was worse then ever, the agreement had little effect and therefore failed. One of the most major peace talks was the 1998 Good Friday Agreement; also know as the Belfast Agreement. It was signed in Belfast in April 1998 by the British and Irish governments and was approved by most Northern Ireland parties, the only major party to disapprove of the agreement was the DUP. It was though approved by most of the voters of Northern and the Republic of Ireland. The final Agreement was posted to every household in Northern Ireland and put to a vote in May it included plans for a Northern Ireland assembly with a power sharing executive and new cross border structures involving the Republic of Ireland. There were also controversial plans on paramilitary's giving up their weapons and the early release of paramilitary prisoners. A vote was also held in the Irish Republic, the result was staggering with 71% of people in Northern Ireland and 94% in the Republic voted that the agreement should be accepted. Throughout the first three years of the agreement, Unionists said the Government and major Nationalist parties were failing to live back up the rule for decommissioning of arms, as many paramilitaries such as the IRA were simply not handing over their guns. Moreover, Sinn Fein said the British Government did not demilitarise quickly enough, they stated they could not force anyone to give up arms and that the agreement only stated that the parties should use all their power to make paramilitary's give up their guns, they had discovered a bit of a loophole and arguments quickly started. Eventually after much debating a power sharing agreement has been signed recently in 2007 that the Republic and Northern Ireland are both happy to consent to, it took so long to come to a power sharing agreement that all parties are happy with because of all the complications along the way, a lot of these from the ‘battles' Unionists and Nationalist have fort with one another down the years, this caused a lot of hate and prejudice between Catholics and Protestants which lead to events such as Bloody Sunday and the hunger strikes that represented what the Irish people stood for at the time and there pure passion for what they believed in. All these events left such an aftermath that people would not consent to any peace agreements or power sharing until the situation had cooled down, we can only hope that the 2007 agreement brings peace to a troubled Northern Ireland and the civilians that live there. But will the peace last, and will all the political parties and paramilitaries be able to keep peace and settle down, we can only wait and see what the future holds for Northern Ireland.